How to maintain mechanical equipment?

Mechanical equipment maintenance is the daily work that operators must carry out in order to maintain the normal operation state and prolong the service life of the machinery.

"Four requirements" for equipment maintenance

(1) Neat: tools, workpieces and accessories are placed neatly; Complete safety protection devices; The pipeline is complete.

(2) Sell out: clean the inside and outside of the equipment; Each sliding surface, lead screw, gear and rack shall be free of oil stain and bruise; No oil leakage, water leakage, air leakage and electric leakage at all parts; Clean the chips and garbage.

(3) Lubrication: fill and change oil on time, and the oil quality meets the requirements; The oil pot, oil gun, oil cup, linoleum and oil line shall be clean and complete, the oil mark shall be bright and the oil circuit shall be unblocked.

(4) Safety: implement the system of fixed person, fixed machine and shift handover; Be familiar with the equipment structure and abide by the operating procedures, use the equipment reasonably, carefully maintain the equipment and prevent accidents.

Contents of on-site equipment maintenance management

Equipment maintenance can be divided into routine maintenance and regular maintenance according to time; According to the maintenance mode, it can be divided into general maintenance, regional maintenance and key equipment maintenance. The maintenance work generally includes:; Check, inspect, adjust, lubricate, disassemble, wash, repair and replace and other on-site management and maintenance work.

Area maintenance of equipment

The regional maintenance of equipment refers to that the enterprise is divided into several areas according to the equipment ownership or equipment type in the production area. The maintenance workers have a clear division of labor and cooperate closely with the operators. They are responsible for supervising and guiding the equipment operators in the area under their jurisdiction to correctly operate, reasonably use and carefully maintain the equipment; Carry out patrol inspection, master the operation of the equipment, and undertake certain equipment maintenance work; Be responsible for the implementation of assessment indicators such as equipment integrity rate, failure shutdown rate and so on. Regional maintenance is a post responsibility system to strengthen equipment maintenance management, serve production and mobilize the enthusiasm of maintenance workers.

The work contents of area maintenance are:

A. The maintenance workers on duty every day shall actively patrol the installation level and accuracy of the equipment in the responsible area, make detailed records and file them for future reference.

C. For precision equipment with special requirements for the environment (constant temperature, constant humidity, anti vibration and dust prevention), the enterprise shall take corresponding measures to ensure that the accuracy and performance of the equipment are not affected.

D. For precision, rare and key equipment, generally do not disassemble parts, especially optical components, in daily maintenance. When disassembly is necessary, it should be carried out by special repairmen. If any abnormal phenomenon is found during the operation of the equipment, it shall be stopped immediately, and it is not allowed to operate with disease.

E. Operate in strict accordance with the processing scope specified in the equipment operation manual. It is not allowed to use the equipment beyond the specification, weight, load and pressure. Precision equipment can only be finished for direct use, and the machining allowance shall be reasonable. When machining castings and blank surfaces, sandblasting or painting shall be carried out in advance.

F. The lubricating oil, wiping materials and cleaning agents of the equipment shall be used in strict accordance with the provisions of the manual, and shall not be used arbitrarily. Lubricating oil must pass the test and must be filtered before being added to the oil tank.

R. Precision and rare equipment shall be protected during non working hours. If you stop for a long time, wipe, lubricate and idle run regularly.

W. The accessories and special tools of the equipment shall be stored in a special cabinet. They shall be kept clean to prevent corrosion and bruise. They shall not be lent or used for other purposes.

Equipment lubrication is an important part of on-site use and maintenance of machinery and equipment. Proper and reasonable lubrication of equipment can reduce friction and wear of equipment parts, prolong the service life of equipment, give full play to the efficiency of equipment, reduce functional loss, and prevent equipment corrosion and thermal deformation. On the contrary, ignoring equipment lubrication and improper equipment lubrication will accelerate equipment wear, cause frequent equipment failures and accidents, accelerate the deterioration of equipment technical status, and affect product quality and output. Therefore, equipment management, users and maintenance personnel should pay attention to the lubrication of equipment.

Oil leakage control standard of on-site production equipment

(1) Oil leakage: the oil stain is not obvious. If there is no oil stain within five minutes after the oil stain is wiped, it is oil leakage.

(2) Oil leakage: the oil stain is obvious, and some form oil droplets. If the oil stain or oil droplet appears within five minutes after the oil stain or oil droplet is wiped clean, it is oil leakage.

(3) Oil leakage point: it is an oil leakage point if there is an obvious oil stain or an oil drop.

(4) No oil leakage equipment: the static joint surface does not leak oil, and the dynamic joint surface does not leak oil. 80% of the joint surfaces do not leak oil, and the oil leakage part does not leak more than one drop within three minutes is basically oil-free equipment.

(5) Serious oil leakage equipment: equipment with one of the following conditions, or one oil leakage point with more than three drops of oil per minute, is a serious oil leakage equipment.

(6) General oil leakage equipment: if there is oil leakage, but it is not serious enough, it is general oil leakage equipment.

(7) Qualified treatment: there is no oil leakage on the static joint surface and no oil leakage on the dynamic joint surface (except all moving parts of hand lubricated guide rail, lead screw, smooth screw, etc.).